See -ōz on Wiktionary
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"Appendix:Glossary#singular"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ōz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries referencing missing etymons",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "East Central German",
"lang_code": "gmw-ecg",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"raw_tags": [
"Alemmanic -ā"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "East Central German",
"lang_code": "gmw-ecg",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"raw_tags": [
"Alemmanic -ā"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "-ā"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*-ā"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "East Central German",
"lang_code": "gmw-ecg",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"raw_tags": [
"Alemmanic -ā"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "-a"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "East Central German",
"lang_code": "gmw-ecg",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Rhine Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-rfr"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"raw_tags": [
"Alemmanic -ā"
],
"word": "-e"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "-ā"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*-ą̄"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"lang": "Faroese",
"lang_code": "fo",
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "-er"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Norwegian",
"lang_code": "gmq-mno",
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"lang": "Elfdalian",
"lang_code": "ovd",
"word": "-er"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"word": "-ær"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "-e"
},
{
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "-ar"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"roman": "-ōs",
"word": "-𐍉𐍃"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "ine-pro:*-éh₂m̥s",
"id": "accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }\" data-id=\"accusative plural\" data-lang=\"gem-pro\" data-title=\"*-ōz\" id=\"Proto-Germanic:_accusative_plural\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-éh₂m̥s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "eh₂-stem accusative plural ending",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂m̥s (eh₂-stem accusative plural ending)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-éh₂m̥s",
"pos": "eh₂-stem accusative plural ending"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂m̥s (eh₂-stem accusative plural ending)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-eh₂",
"3": "*-s",
"nocat": "1",
"pos1": "eh₂-stem suffix",
"pos2": "genitive singular suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-eh₂ (eh₂-stem suffix) + *-s (genitive singular suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ᾱς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ᾱς (-ās)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ās",
"id": "accusative plural"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ās",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "-as"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian -as",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-आः"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -आः (-āḥ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂m̥s (eh₂-stem accusative plural ending), from *-eh₂ (eh₂-stem suffix) + *-s (genitive singular suffix). Compare Ancient Greek -ᾱς (-ās) (dialectal -ᾰς (-ăs), -αις (-ais), -ᾰνς (-ăns)), Latin -ās, Lithuanian -as, and Sanskrit -आः (-āḥ).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-ōz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ōz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "gebō (“gift”) + *-ōz → *gebō (“gifts”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the accusative plural of ō-stem nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"accusative",
"Appendix:Glossary#accusative"
],
[
"plural",
"Appendix:Glossary#plural"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ōz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ōz meaning in All languages combined (10.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (03da280 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.